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Adult knee cartilage has only a limited ability to heal on its own; symptoms often improve with reduced inflammation and better loading, but full regrowth of smooth hyaline cartilage is uncommon, especially in larger or full-thickness defects.
Knee replacement favours low-impact activity such as walking, cycling and swimming, while PCL reconstruction, meniscus transplant and tibial tubercle transfer are reserved for specific patterns of instability, meniscus loss or kneecap maltracking. The key distinction is whether surgery replaces w...
Knee injections can ease pain and improve function for months, but they do not reliably halt osteoarthritis or remove the need for knee replacement. Steroid shots suit short flares, hyaluronic acid and PRP offer medium-term relief, and Arthrosamid is designed as a longer-acting option.
Focal knee cartilage defects are treated differently from diffuse osteoarthritis, with options ranging from microfracture and OATS to MACI, which is a two-stage cell-based repair used for selected full-thickness lesions. Recovery typically runs from crutches and brace use in the first fortnight t...
ACL reconstruction often allows driving at 4–6 weeks on the right side and return to sport by up to a year; patellofemoral knee replacement brings basic independence at around six weeks; MPFL reconstruction usually follows a protected, criteria-based rehab over several months, with timing shaped ...
Knee cartilage repair is usually chosen by defect pattern, not procedure name: contained cartilage-only lesions around 2–4 cm² tend towards MACI or other scaffold-based cell options, while defects with subchondral bone loss, larger osteochondral craters, or valgus overload often need OATS, OCA, o...
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